CC(1) CC(1) NAME cc - C compiler SYNOPSIS cc [ option ] ... file ... DESCRIPTION _C_c is the UNIX C compiler. _C_c accepts several types of arguments: Arguments whose names end with ‘.c’ are taken to be C source programs; they are compiled, and each object program is left on the file whose name is that of the source with ‘.o’ substituted for ‘.c’. The ‘.o’ file is normally deleted, however, if a single C program is compiled and loaded all at one go. In the same way, arguments whose names end with ‘.s’ are taken to be assembly source programs and are assembled, producing a ‘.o’ file. The following options are interpreted by _c_c. See _l_d(1) for load-time options. -c Suppress the loading phase of the compilation, and force an object file to be produced even if only one program is com‐ piled. -g Have the compiler produce additional symbol table information for _d_b_x(1). Also pass the -lg flag to _l_d(1). -go Have the compiler produce additional symbol table information for the obsolete debugger _s_d_b(1). Also pass the -lg flag to _l_d(1). -w Suppress warning diagnostics. -p Arrange for the compiler to produce code which counts the num‐ ber of times each routine is called. If loading takes place, replace the standard startup routine by one which automatically calls _m_o_n_i_t_o_r(3) at the start and arranges to write out a _m_o_n_._o_u_t file at normal termination of execution of the object program. An execution profile can then be generated by use of _p_r_o_f(1). -pg Causes the compiler to produce counting code in the manner of -p, but invokes a run-time recording mechanism that keeps more extensive statistics and produces a _g_m_o_n_._o_u_t file at normal termination. Also, a profiling library is searched, in lieu of the standard C library. An execution profile can then be gen‐ erated by use of _g_p_r_o_f(1). -O Invoke an object-code improver. -R Passed on to _a_s_, making initialized variables shared and read- only. -S Compile the named C programs, and leave the assembler-language output on corresponding files suffixed ‘.s’. -M Run only the macro preprocessor on the named C programs, requesting it to generate Makefile dependencies and send the result to the standard output. -E Run only the macro preprocessor on the named C programs, and send the result to the standard output. -C prevent the macro preprocessor from eliding comments. -o _o_u_t_p_u_t Name the final output file _o_u_t_p_u_t. If this option is used the file ‘a.out’ will be left undisturbed. -D_n_a_m_e_=_d_e_f -D_n_a_m_e Define the _n_a_m_e to the preprocessor, as if by ‘#define’. If no definition is given, the name is defined as "1". -U_n_a_m_e Remove any initial definition of _n_a_m_e. -I_d_i_r ‘#include’ files whose names do not begin with ‘/’ are always sought first in the directory of the _f_i_l_e argument, then in directories named in -I options, then in directories on a stan‐ dard list. -L_d_i_r Library archives are sought first in directories named in -L options, then in directories on a standard list. -f Use an alternate compiler which does not convert expressions involving only floats to double. This does not conform to the standard which states that all intermediate results should be converted to double but does provide a speed improvement for programs which don’t require full double precision. This option also makes register float variables work appropriately. -B_s_t_r_i_n_g Find substitute compiler passes in the files named _s_t_r_i_n_g with the suffixes cpp, ccom and c2. If _s_t_r_i_n_g is empty, use a stan‐ dard backup version. -t[p012] Find only the designated compiler passes in the files whose names are constructed by a -B option. In the absence of a -B option, the _s_t_r_i_n_g is taken to be ‘/usr/c/’. Other arguments are taken to be either loader option arguments, or C- compatible object programs, typically produced by an earlier _c_c run, or perhaps libraries of C-compatible routines. These programs, together with the results of any compilations specified, are loaded (in the order given) to produce an executable program with name a.out. FILES file.c input file file.o object file a.out loaded output /tmp/ctm? temporary /lib/cpp preprocessor /lib/ccom compiler /lib/sccom compiler for single precision floats /usr/c/occom backup compiler /usr/c/ocpp backup preprocessor /lib/c2 optional optimizer /lib/crt0.o runtime startoff /lib/mcrt0.o startoff for profiling /usr/lib/gcrt0.ostartoff for gprof-profiling /lib/libc.a standard library, see _i_n_t_r_o(3) /usr/lib/libc_p.aprofiling library, see _i_n_t_r_o(3) /usr/include standard directory for ‘#include’ files mon.out file produced for analysis by _p_r_o_f(1) gmon.out file produced for analysis by _g_p_r_o_f(1) SEE ALSO B. W. Kernighan and D. M. Ritchie, _T_h_e _C _P_r_o_g_r_a_m_m_i_n_g _L_a_n_g_u_a_g_e_, Pren‐ tice-Hall, 1978 B. W. Kernighan, _P_r_o_g_r_a_m_m_i_n_g _i_n _C_—_a _t_u_t_o_r_i_a_l D. M. Ritchie, _C _R_e_f_e_r_e_n_c_e _M_a_n_u_a_l monitor(3), prof(1), gprof(1), adb(1), ld(1), dbx(1), as(1) DIAGNOSTICS The diagnostics produced by C itself are intended to be self-explana‐ tory. Occasional messages may be produced by the assembler or loader. BUGS The compiler currently ignores advice to put char, unsigned char, short, unsigned short, float, or double variables in registers, except as noted above. It previously produced poor, and in some cases incor‐ rect, code for such declarations. 4th Berkeley Distribution June 7, 1985 CC(1)